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Thursday, January 17, 2013
Barnacles Mate via 'Spermcasting'
Oversized penises are not always enough to let these immobile crustaceans mate if the animals live in solitude, so they release sperm into the sea which allows other barnacles to capture it and thus fertilize eggs
The penis in this barnacle (appendage at top) is barely the length of its tentacles ? unlike the extra-long ones in some other species. The mollusk however disperses its sperm directly into seawater. Image: D. W. & Palmer
It can be hard to find a sexual partner when you are glued to a rock.
Barnacles famously get around this problem by having penises longer than their bodies, so that they can seek out relatively distant mates. But now it seems that some adopt another strategy, entrusting their precious bodily fluids to the currents.
Some of these crustaceans live alone, with no neighbors near enough to have sex with. In the case of the gooseneck-barnacle species Pollicipes polymerus, this presented a mystery: although some barnacles are thought to self-fertilize, scientists have never been able to witness reproduction of solitary P. polymerus, so these animals were thought to have to mate.
But Richard Palmer, a marine biologist at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada, and his team have now shown that the barnacles are capable of capturing sperm released into the sea, which gives them another route to procreation.
?Barnacles are a highly studied animal,? says Palmer. ?It?s exciting to us to find something so totally new in a group that is so extensively studied.?
Palmer and his team describe in Proceedings of the Royal Society B how they collected barnacles that were ?well outside penis range? of any other individuals, but bore fertilized egg masses. By analyzing the genetic make-up of these animals and their eggs, the researchers found that all the isolated barnacles' eggs contained DNA that could only have come from another animal. This indicated that they must have collected sperm from the water in a process sometimes called spermcast mating. Further genetic analysis showed that even barnacles located within mating distance of a fellow P. polymerus still collected sperm from the water.
Cast upon the waters
John Bishop, a marine ecologist at the Marine Biological Association of the UK in Plymouth and one of the scientists who coined the term spermcast mating, points out that this mechanism of fertilization is quite different from broadcast spawning, in which some aquatic animals release both eggs as well as sperm into the water.
Spermcasting seems to be linked to animals that are fixed in place ? or ?sessile?, he says.
In the past, people often assumed that isolated sessile species ?must sit there and self-[fertilize]? he notes, but now barnacles can be added to the list of spermcasters, which also includes sponges, corals and some mollusks. They are the first crustaceans known to employ this strategy.
?Most of the sessile groups have had the box ticked in spermcast mating,? says Bishop. ?It goes with a sessile existence and more particularly with filter feeding.? (As filter-feeding animals, barnacles already posess the equipment to capture small particles in the water: see video below.)
And Pollicipes polymerus may not be the only species of barnacle that does it. Palmer and his student Marjan Barazandeh, the lead author of the latest paper, are now exploring whether two further species also trust their sperm to the waves.
?
This article is reproduced with permission from the magazine Nature. The article was first published on January 16, 2013.
Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=b0c3525d66daf8e4f65691038e093cc5
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Malawi sees first major protest under President Banda
BLANTYRE, Malawi |
BLANTYRE, Malawi (Reuters) - Thousands of Malawians took to the streets on Thursday to protest against soaring inflation in the first major unrest under President Joyce Banda.
Police in riot gear stood watch near shuttered shops for a peaceful demonstration in the commercial centre of Blantyre and smaller rallies were held across the southern African country, where street protests are unusual.
Banda, who came to office in April 2012 after her predecessor Bingu wa Mutharika died of a heart attack, was welcomed with a groundswell of domestic and international support but has seen her popularity erode as the cost of living has jumped in the impoverished state.
"Money in the pocket is useless as it buys less. I came here to express my grievances and I hope the presidency notices," said Prince Chokotho, one of the protesters.
The marchers, mostly young, waved banners slamming Banda for not being assertive enough in addressing the country's economic problems and presented a seven-point petition to local authorities.
An economic analyst said Malawi was paying the cost of delays in implementing reforms such as increasing transparency in government finances and cutting red tape for investment.
"There will be no quick fixes, but any U-turn from staying the current course will be disastrous. What is needed is a credible and consistent policy," said Ben Kalua, head of the economics department at Chancellor College, part of the University of Malawi.
Banda has been trying to rebuild an economy sent into a tailspin by Mutharika, but prices have soared since she devalued the currency on the advice of the International Monetary Fund.
The economy of the aid-dependent country teetered under Mutharika, who picked fights with donors that led to a freeze in major assistance packages.
The cut in aid, which has traditionally accounted for 40 percent of the budget, coincided with a steady decline in sales of Malawi's biggest cash crop, tobacco.
Banda has restored aid flows, taken a personal pay cut and put her predecessor's presidential jet up for sale.
But soaring commodity prices pushed inflation to 33.3 percent in December - far higher than the forecast of around 18 percent for 2012.
Banda could see her reform plan hit snags when parliament convenes next month, with many members of her ruling coalition backing away from a leader who once garnered strong support.
IMF chief Christine Lagarde urged Banda to stay the course during a visit to Malawi last week.
(Additional reporting by Mabvuto Banda in Lilongwe; Editing by Jon Herskovitz and Andrew Roche)
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Wednesday, January 16, 2013
Supervisor-Restaurant - Golf Grille - Marriott Hotels (13000229)
It?s a powerful feeling, to belong. It?s finishing each other?s thoughts. Laughing at the same jokes. It?s that moment you feel truly and completely yourself. It?s working with people who treat you like family. At Marriott we know that when you feel at home, you?ll make our guests feel at home. If this sounds like the place for you, join us.
The JW Marriott Scottsdale Camelback Inn Resort & Spa, located at 5402 E. Lincoln Dr , Scottsdale, AZ, 85253 is currently hiring a Supervisor-Restaurant - Golf Grille.
Responsibilities include: Job Summary
Ensure staff is working together as a team to ensure optimum service and that guest needs are met. Inspect grooming and attire of staff, and rectify any deficiencies. Complete opening and closing duties including setting up necessary supplies and tools, cleaning all equipment and areas, locking doors, etc. Inspect storage areas for organization, use of FIFO, and cleanliness. Complete scheduled inventories and stock and requisition necessary supplies. Monitor dining rooms for seating availability, service, safety, and well being of guests. Complete work orders for maintenance repairs. Assist management in hiring, training, scheduling, evaluating, counseling, disciplining, and motivating and coaching employees; and serve as a role model and first point of contact of the Guarantee of Fair Treatment/Open Door Policy process.
Follow all company and safety and security policies and procedures; report accidents, injuries, and unsafe work conditions to manager; and complete safety training and certifications. Ensure uniform and personal appearance are clean and professional, maintain confidentiality of proprietary information, and protect company assets. Welcome and acknowledge all guests according to company standards, anticipate and address guests' service needs, assist individuals with disabilities, and thank guests with genuine appreciation. Speak with others using clear and professional language. Develop and maintain positive working relationships with others, support team to reach common goals, and listen and respond appropriately to the concerns of other employees. Ensure adherence to quality expectations and standards; and identify, recommend, develop, and implement new ways to increase organizational efficiency, productivity, quality, safety, and/or cost-savings. Stand, sit, or walk for an extended period of time. Move, lift, carry, push, pull, and place objects weighing less than or equal to 10 pounds without assistance. Perform other reasonable job duties as requested by Supervisors.
Marriott International is consistently recognized as an employer of choice around the globe by FORTUNE and Working Mother magazines, DiversityInc, Great Places to Work Institute, and the CRF institute among others. Visit our newsroom to learn more: news.marriott.com
To search all jobs or learn more about Marriott careers:
www.marriott.com/careers
Connect and network online with us:
www.facebook.com/marriottjobsandcareers
www.twitter.com/marriottcareers
www.linkedin.com/company/marriott-international
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Marriott International is an equal opportunity employer committed to hiring a diverse workforce and sustaining an inclusive culture.
NASource: http://www.gadball.com//job/26310574/supervisor-restaurant-g/
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Fitch warns on US rating as debt ceiling looms
LONDON (AP) ? A leading credit ratings agency is warning that the United States could lose its top credit rating if there's a delay in raising the country's debt ceiling.
Congress has to increase the country's debt limit, effectively how much debt the U.S. can have, by March 1 or face a potential default.
David Riley, a managing director at Fitch Ratings, says Tuesday he is worried about a looming crisis and warned that a failure to raise it in time will prompt a formal review of the country's triple A rating. Fitch already has a negative outlook on the U.S. and said it will make a decision this year.
In August 2011, Standard & Poor's stripped the U.S. of its triple A rating after a protracted battle to raise the ceiling.
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Real-Money Gaming Startup Betable Snags Zynga VP - Mike Isaac ...
January 16, 2013 at 9:27 am PT
Zynga?s vice president of business development, Jonathan Flesher, has left the company to join Betable, a gaming platform startup that provides back-end tools for game developers to implement real-money gambling online. Flesher will be doing similar work as executive VP of business development at his new gig.
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Childhood Obesity Linked To More Immediate Health Problems ...
Your Health Journal?..?A great article from Health Canal by Dr. Neal Halfon regarding childhood obesity. A great deal of research on childhood obesity has highlighted the long-term health problems that emerge in adulthood, a new UCLA study focuses on the condition?s immediate consequences and shows that obese youngsters are at far greater risk than had been supposed. Compared to children who are not overweight, obese kids are at nearly twice the risk of having three or more reported medical, mental or developmental conditions. I encourage all of you to visit the Health Canal web site (link provided below) to view the complete article.?
From the article?..
While a great deal of research on childhood obesity has spotlighted the long-term health problems that emerge in adulthood, a new UCLA study focuses on the condition?s immediate consequences and shows that obese youngsters are at far greater risk than had been supposed.
Compared to kids who are not overweight, obese children are at nearly twice the risk of having three or more reported medical, mental or developmental conditions, the UCLA researchers found. Overweight children had a 1.3 times higher risk.
?This study paints a comprehensive picture of childhood obesity, and we were surprised to see just how many conditions were associated with childhood obesity,? said lead author Dr. Neal Halfon, a professor of pediatrics, public health and public policy at UCLA, where he directs the Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities. ?The findings should serve as a wake-up call to physicians, parents and teachers, who should be better informed of the risk for other health conditions associated with childhood obesity so that they can target interventions that can result in better health outcomes.?
With the dramatic rise in childhood obesity over the past two decades, there has been a parallel rise in the prevalence of other childhood-onset health conditions, such as attention deficit?hyperactivity disorder, asthma and learning disabilities. But previous studies on the topic have been limited due to a narrow focus on a specific region of the county, a small sample size or a single condition.
The new UCLA research, a large population-based study of children in the United States, provides the first comprehensive national profile of associations between weight status and a broad set of associated health conditions, or co-morbidities, that kids suffer from during childhood.
Overall, the researchers found, obese children were more likely than those who were classified as not overweight to have reported poorer health; more disability; a greater tendency toward emotional and behavioral problems; higher rates of grade repetition, missed school days and other school problems; ADHD; conduct disorder; depression; learning disabilities; developmental delays; bone, joint and muscle problems; asthma; allergies; headaches; and ear infections.
For the study, the researchers used the 2007 National Survey of Children?s Health, analyzing data on nearly 43,300 children between the ages 10 and 17. They assessed associations between weight status and 21 indicators of general health, psychosocial functioning and specific health disorders, adjusting for sociodemographic factors.
To read the complete article?..Click here
Source: http://www.lensaunders.com/wp/?p=11519
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